#Requires -Version 5.1
<#
    JbTecWiz Support Centre -- generated fix script

    Fault : An application will not start -- 0xc0000142, 0xc000007b, 0xc0000005
    Fix   : Install the runtimes the application actually needs
    Source: https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-app-launch-0xc0000142

    Run as     : Elevated PowerShell
    Expect     : 30 minutes
    Risk       : low
    Reversible : yes

    WHEN THIS IS THE RIGHT FIX
    0xc0000142 or 0xc0000135 -- a missing or damaged runtime.

    HOW TO UNDO IT
    Runtimes can be uninstalled, though there is rarely a reason to.

    This script walks the fix one step at a time and asks before each
    one. Steps with no command are things you do yourself -- it prints
    those and waits. Run with -DryRun to print without executing.

    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    NO WARRANTY - USE AT YOUR OWN RISK

    This script is provided by JbTecWiz as-is and with no warranty of any
    kind, express or implied. You run it entirely at your own risk.

    JbTecWiz accepts no liability for any loss or damage arising from its
    use, including but not limited to data loss, downtime, or configuration
    changes that turn out to be wrong for your system.

    You are responsible for reading this script before running it, for
    satisfying yourself that it suits the machine in front of you, and for
    having a working backup first. Some steps cannot be undone.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
#>

[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    # Print every step and command without running anything.
    [switch]$DryRun,
    # Do not ask before each step. Read the script first if you use this.
    [switch]$Unattended
)

$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$script:Failed = 0

function Write-Rule { param([string]$Text)
    Write-Host ''
    Write-Host ('-' * 70) -ForegroundColor DarkGray
    if ($Text) { Write-Host $Text -ForegroundColor Cyan }
}

function Show-Prose { param([string]$Text, [string]$Colour = "Gray")
    if (-not $Text) { return }
    $words = $Text -split "\s+"; $line = "  "
    foreach ($w in $words) {
        if (($line.Length + $w.Length) -gt 74) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour; $line = "  " }
        $line += "$w "
    }
    if ($line.Trim()) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour }
}

function Invoke-Step {
    param(
        [int]$Number, [string]$Do, [string]$Why,
        [scriptblock]$Command, [switch]$Manual, [string]$Shell = "powershell"
    )
    Write-Rule "  Step $Number of 4"
    Show-Prose $Do "White"
    if ($Why) { Write-Host ""; Show-Prose $Why "DarkGray" }

    if ($Manual) {
        Write-Host ''
        Write-Host '  -> Do this yourself, then press Enter to carry on.' -ForegroundColor Yellow
        if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) { [void](Read-Host) }
        return
    }

    Write-Host ''
    foreach ($l in ($Command.ToString().Trim() -split "`n")) {
        Write-Host ("    " + $l.Trim()) -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    Write-Host ''

    if ($DryRun) { Write-Host "  (dry run -- not executed)" -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    if (-not $Unattended) {
        $a = Read-Host "  Run this step? [Y]es / [S]kip / [Q]uit"
        if ($a -match "^[Qq]") { Write-Host "  Stopped at your request."; exit 0 }
        if ($a -match "^[Ss]") { Write-Host "  Skipped." -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    }
    try { & $Command }
    catch {
        $script:Failed++
        Write-Host ("  Step $Number failed: " + $_.Exception.Message) -ForegroundColor Red
        Show-Prose "The rest of the fix may depend on this. Read the write-up before carrying on." "Red"
        if (-not $Unattended) {
            $c = Read-Host "  Carry on anyway? [y/N]"
            if ($c -notmatch "^[Yy]") { exit 1 }
        }
    }
}

Write-Rule
Write-Host '  An application will not start -- 0xc0000142, 0xc000007b, 0xc0000005' -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host '  Install the runtimes the application actually needs' -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ''
Write-Host '  Risk: low   Reversible   30 minutes'
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'No warranty. Use at your own risk - JbTecWiz accepts no liability. Read it before you run it, and have a backup.' 'DarkYellow'
Write-Rule

if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) {
    $go = Read-Host '  Ready? [y/N]'
    if ($go -notmatch "^[Yy]") { Write-Host "  Nothing was changed."; exit 0 }
}

Invoke-Step -Number 1 -Do 'See which Visual C++ runtimes are present. Applications commonly need several different years, and having the newest does not cover the older ones.' -Command {
    Get-ItemProperty HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\*,HKLM:\Software\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\* |
      Where-Object DisplayName -like '*Visual C++*' |
      Sort-Object DisplayName | Format-Table DisplayName,DisplayVersion
}

Invoke-Step -Number 2 -Do 'Install the Visual C++ Redistributable the application documents, in both x86 and x64 -- a 64-bit machine needs both, because many applications ship 32-bit components.' -Why 'The x86 package on a 64-bit machine is not redundant. It is a separate set of DLLs in SysWOW64, and its absence is the single most common cause of 0xc0000142 on an otherwise healthy install.' -Manual

Invoke-Step -Number 3 -Do 'For 0xc0000135, check the .NET versions present.' -Command {
    Get-ChildItem 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\NDP' -Recurse |
      Get-ItemProperty -Name Version,Release -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
      Select-Object PSChildName,Version | Format-Table
    dotnet --list-runtimes
}

Invoke-Step -Number 4 -Do 'Repair the application''s own installation from Settings -> Apps -> Modify, which reinstalls its private copies of these libraries.' -Manual

Write-Rule "  Confirm it worked"
Show-Prose 'The application starts. If it still does not, the next step is Dependency Walker or a Process Monitor trace filtered on NAME NOT FOUND for the process.' 'White'

Write-Rule
if ($script:Failed -gt 0) {
    Write-Host ("  Finished with " + $script:Failed + " failed step(s).") -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Show-Prose 'Read the full write-up at https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-app-launch-0xc0000142' 'Yellow'
} else {
    Write-Host '  Finished.' -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'To undo: Runtimes can be uninstalled, though there is rarely a reason to.' 'DarkGray'
Write-Rule