#Requires -Version 5.1
<#
    JbTecWiz Support Centre -- generated fix script

    Fault : Disk at 100% in Task Manager and the machine is unusable
    Fix   : Check the drive is not failing before optimising anything
    Source: https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-hw-disk-100

    Run as     : Elevated PowerShell
    Expect     : 20 minutes
    Risk       : low
    Reversible : yes

    WHEN THIS IS THE RIGHT FIX
    The rate is near zero, or the machine freezes for seconds at a time. Do
    this before any tuning -- tuning a failing drive wastes the time you
    have to copy the data off.

    HOW TO UNDO IT
    Nothing was changed.

    This script walks the fix one step at a time and asks before each
    one. Steps with no command are things you do yourself -- it prints
    those and waits. Run with -DryRun to print without executing.

    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    NO WARRANTY - USE AT YOUR OWN RISK

    This script is provided by JbTecWiz as-is and with no warranty of any
    kind, express or implied. You run it entirely at your own risk.

    JbTecWiz accepts no liability for any loss or damage arising from its
    use, including but not limited to data loss, downtime, or configuration
    changes that turn out to be wrong for your system.

    You are responsible for reading this script before running it, for
    satisfying yourself that it suits the machine in front of you, and for
    having a working backup first. Some steps cannot be undone.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
#>

[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    # Print every step and command without running anything.
    [switch]$DryRun,
    # Do not ask before each step. Read the script first if you use this.
    [switch]$Unattended
)

$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$script:Failed = 0

function Write-Rule { param([string]$Text)
    Write-Host ''
    Write-Host ('-' * 70) -ForegroundColor DarkGray
    if ($Text) { Write-Host $Text -ForegroundColor Cyan }
}

function Show-Prose { param([string]$Text, [string]$Colour = "Gray")
    if (-not $Text) { return }
    $words = $Text -split "\s+"; $line = "  "
    foreach ($w in $words) {
        if (($line.Length + $w.Length) -gt 74) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour; $line = "  " }
        $line += "$w "
    }
    if ($line.Trim()) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour }
}

function Invoke-Step {
    param(
        [int]$Number, [string]$Do, [string]$Why,
        [scriptblock]$Command, [switch]$Manual, [string]$Shell = "powershell"
    )
    Write-Rule "  Step $Number of 4"
    Show-Prose $Do "White"
    if ($Why) { Write-Host ""; Show-Prose $Why "DarkGray" }

    if ($Manual) {
        Write-Host ''
        Write-Host '  -> Do this yourself, then press Enter to carry on.' -ForegroundColor Yellow
        if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) { [void](Read-Host) }
        return
    }

    Write-Host ''
    foreach ($l in ($Command.ToString().Trim() -split "`n")) {
        Write-Host ("    " + $l.Trim()) -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    Write-Host ''

    if ($DryRun) { Write-Host "  (dry run -- not executed)" -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    if (-not $Unattended) {
        $a = Read-Host "  Run this step? [Y]es / [S]kip / [Q]uit"
        if ($a -match "^[Qq]") { Write-Host "  Stopped at your request."; exit 0 }
        if ($a -match "^[Ss]") { Write-Host "  Skipped." -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    }
    try { & $Command }
    catch {
        $script:Failed++
        Write-Host ("  Step $Number failed: " + $_.Exception.Message) -ForegroundColor Red
        Show-Prose "The rest of the fix may depend on this. Read the write-up before carrying on." "Red"
        if (-not $Unattended) {
            $c = Read-Host "  Carry on anyway? [y/N]"
            if ($c -notmatch "^[Yy]") { exit 1 }
        }
    }
}

Write-Rule
Write-Host '  Disk at 100% in Task Manager and the machine is unusable' -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host '  Check the drive is not failing before optimising anything' -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ''
Write-Host '  Risk: low   Reversible   20 minutes'
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'No warranty. Use at your own risk - JbTecWiz accepts no liability. Read it before you run it, and have a backup.' 'DarkYellow'
Write-Rule

if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) {
    $go = Read-Host '  Ready? [y/N]'
    if ($go -notmatch "^[Yy]") { Write-Host "  Nothing was changed."; exit 0 }
}

Invoke-Step -Number 1 -Do 'Read the drive''s own reliability counters.' -Why 'ReadErrorsUncorrected above zero means the drive is losing data it cannot recover. That changes the job from performance tuning to getting the data off, immediately.' -Command {
    Get-PhysicalDisk | Format-Table FriendlyName,MediaType,HealthStatus,OperationalStatus,Size
    Get-PhysicalDisk | Get-StorageReliabilityCounter | Format-List DeviceId,Wear,ReadErrorsTotal,ReadErrorsUncorrected,PowerOnHours
}

Invoke-Step -Number 2 -Do 'Look for the storage errors that accompany a failing drive.' -Command {
    Get-WinEvent -LogName System -MaxEvents 400 | Where-Object { $_.Id -in 7,9,11,51,129,153 } | Format-Table TimeCreated,Id,ProviderName,Message -Wrap
}

Invoke-Step -Number 3 -Do 'Event 129 from storahci means the controller reset the drive -- a strong signal of a failing disk or cable. Event 153 is an I/O retry.' -Manual

Invoke-Step -Number 4 -Do 'If any of the above are present, back up now and replace the drive. Do not run chkdsk on a physically failing disk before the data is copied off.' -Manual

Write-Rule "  Confirm it worked"
Show-Prose 'HealthStatus is Healthy and the error counters are zero.' 'White'
Write-Host ''
if (-not $DryRun) {
    Get-PhysicalDisk | Format-Table FriendlyName,HealthStatus,OperationalStatus
}

Write-Rule
if ($script:Failed -gt 0) {
    Write-Host ("  Finished with " + $script:Failed + " failed step(s).") -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Show-Prose 'Read the full write-up at https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-hw-disk-100' 'Yellow'
} else {
    Write-Host '  Finished.' -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'To undo: Nothing was changed.' 'DarkGray'
Write-Rule