#Requires -Version 5.1
<#
    JbTecWiz Support Centre -- generated fix script

    Fault : Random crashes and corruption -- testing for bad memory
    Fix   : Test the memory properly, one module at a time
    Source: https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-hw-memory

    Run as     : Bootable memory test
    Expect     : 4-12 hours
    Risk       : low
    Reversible : yes

    WHEN THIS IS THE RIGHT FIX
    Varying bugchecks with no consistent driver.

    HOW TO UNDO IT
    Nothing was changed.

    This script walks the fix one step at a time and asks before each
    one. Steps with no command are things you do yourself -- it prints
    those and waits. Run with -DryRun to print without executing.

    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    NO WARRANTY - USE AT YOUR OWN RISK

    This script is provided by JbTecWiz as-is and with no warranty of any
    kind, express or implied. You run it entirely at your own risk.

    JbTecWiz accepts no liability for any loss or damage arising from its
    use, including but not limited to data loss, downtime, or configuration
    changes that turn out to be wrong for your system.

    You are responsible for reading this script before running it, for
    satisfying yourself that it suits the machine in front of you, and for
    having a working backup first. Some steps cannot be undone.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
#>

[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    # Print every step and command without running anything.
    [switch]$DryRun,
    # Do not ask before each step. Read the script first if you use this.
    [switch]$Unattended
)

$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$script:Failed = 0

function Write-Rule { param([string]$Text)
    Write-Host ''
    Write-Host ('-' * 70) -ForegroundColor DarkGray
    if ($Text) { Write-Host $Text -ForegroundColor Cyan }
}

function Show-Prose { param([string]$Text, [string]$Colour = "Gray")
    if (-not $Text) { return }
    $words = $Text -split "\s+"; $line = "  "
    foreach ($w in $words) {
        if (($line.Length + $w.Length) -gt 74) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour; $line = "  " }
        $line += "$w "
    }
    if ($line.Trim()) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $Colour }
}

function Invoke-Step {
    param(
        [int]$Number, [string]$Do, [string]$Why,
        [scriptblock]$Command, [switch]$Manual, [string]$Shell = "powershell"
    )
    Write-Rule "  Step $Number of 5"
    Show-Prose $Do "White"
    if ($Why) { Write-Host ""; Show-Prose $Why "DarkGray" }

    if ($Manual) {
        Write-Host ''
        Write-Host '  -> Do this yourself, then press Enter to carry on.' -ForegroundColor Yellow
        if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) { [void](Read-Host) }
        return
    }

    Write-Host ''
    foreach ($l in ($Command.ToString().Trim() -split "`n")) {
        Write-Host ("    " + $l.Trim()) -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    Write-Host ''

    if ($DryRun) { Write-Host "  (dry run -- not executed)" -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    if (-not $Unattended) {
        $a = Read-Host "  Run this step? [Y]es / [S]kip / [Q]uit"
        if ($a -match "^[Qq]") { Write-Host "  Stopped at your request."; exit 0 }
        if ($a -match "^[Ss]") { Write-Host "  Skipped." -ForegroundColor DarkGray; return }
    }
    try { & $Command }
    catch {
        $script:Failed++
        Write-Host ("  Step $Number failed: " + $_.Exception.Message) -ForegroundColor Red
        Show-Prose "The rest of the fix may depend on this. Read the write-up before carrying on." "Red"
        if (-not $Unattended) {
            $c = Read-Host "  Carry on anyway? [y/N]"
            if ($c -notmatch "^[Yy]") { exit 1 }
        }
    }
}

Write-Rule
Write-Host '  Random crashes and corruption -- testing for bad memory' -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host '  Test the memory properly, one module at a time' -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ''
Write-Host '  Risk: low   Reversible   4-12 hours'
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'No warranty. Use at your own risk - JbTecWiz accepts no liability. Read it before you run it, and have a backup.' 'DarkYellow'
Write-Rule

if (-not $Unattended -and -not $DryRun) {
    $go = Read-Host '  Ready? [y/N]'
    if ($go -notmatch "^[Yy]") { Write-Host "  Nothing was changed."; exit 0 }
}

Invoke-Step -Number 1 -Do 'Look at the recent bugchecks to confirm they vary rather than repeat.' -Command {
    Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable @{LogName='System'; Id=1001} -MaxEvents 20 | Format-Table TimeCreated,Message -Wrap
}

Invoke-Step -Number 2 -Do 'Run the built-in test first -- it is quick and a failure there is conclusive.' -Command {
    cmd.exe /c 'mdsched.exe'
}

Invoke-Step -Number 3 -Do 'The built-in test passing proves very little. Run MemTest86 from a USB stick for at least four full passes, overnight.' -Why 'Windows Memory Diagnostic runs a short pattern set for a few minutes. Marginal memory routinely passes it and fails on pass three of a proper test. A single error in eight hours is still a failed module.' -Manual

Invoke-Step -Number 4 -Do 'If errors appear, test each module individually in the same slot to identify which one, then test the good module in each slot to rule out the slot itself.' -Manual

Invoke-Step -Number 5 -Do 'Reseat everything before concluding -- a module not fully home in its slot produces identical symptoms to a failed one.' -Manual

Write-Rule "  Confirm it worked"
Show-Prose 'Four clean passes of MemTest86 with all modules installed, and no further bugchecks over a week.' 'White'

Write-Rule
if ($script:Failed -gt 0) {
    Write-Host ("  Finished with " + $script:Failed + " failed step(s).") -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Show-Prose 'Read the full write-up at https://jbtecwiz.com/support/win-hw-memory' 'Yellow'
} else {
    Write-Host '  Finished.' -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ''
Show-Prose 'To undo: Nothing was changed.' 'DarkGray'
Write-Rule